01. Nylon (PA)
PA is mainly used in automobile engines and engine peripheral parts, the main varieties are glass fiber reinforced PA6, glass fiber reinforced PA66, reinforced flame retardant PA6 and other products.
(1) Application in automobile engine parts.
The engine cover, engine decorative cover, cylinder head cover and other components are generally made of modified PA as the preferred material. Compared with metal materials, the quality of the cylinder head cover is reduced by 50% and the cost is reduced by 30%. In addition to engine parts, other stressed parts of the car can also use enhanced PA, such as oil filters, wipers, radiator grilles, etc.
(2) Application in peripheral parts of automobile engine.
Since the peripheral parts of the engine are mainly heat-generating and vibrating parts, most of the materials used in the parts are glass fiber reinforced PA. This is because PA has good comprehensive properties. The main properties of PA modified with glass fiber, such as strength, product accuracy, and dimensional stability, are greatly improved.
In addition, there are many varieties of PA, which are easy to recycle and reuse, and the price is relatively cheap. These factors make PA an ideal material for engine peripheral components. The intake manifold is a typical application of modified PA in automobiles. In 1990, the German BMW car company first applied the intake manifold made of glass fiber reinforced PA as the raw material to the six-cylinder engine; Ford and DuPont in the United States Cooperation to jointly apply the intake manifold made of glass fiber reinforced PA66 to the V6 engine. In the future, major automobile companies in the world have followed suit, and the modified PA intake manifold has been widely used.
02. Polybutylene terephthalate (PBT)
In the field of automobile manufacturing, PBT is widely used in the production of bumpers, carburetor components, fenders, spoilers, spark plug terminal boards, fuel supply system parts, instrument panels, automotive ignitions, accelerators and clutch pedals. The competition between PBT and enhanced PA, PC and POM in the automobile manufacturing industry is very fierce. PA is easy to absorb water, and the heat resistance and drug resistance of PC are not as good as PBT; Will gradually replace PA.
In the case of high relative humidity and very humid conditions, the plasticity is easily reduced due to humidity, and the electrical nodes are prone to corrosion. Modified PBT can often be used. At 80, 90% relative humidity, PBT can still be used normally, and the effect is very good.
03. Polyoxymethylene (POM)
POM is light in weight, simple in fabrication and molding, low in production cost, and similar in material properties to metals. Modified POM has a very low wear coefficient and strong rigidity; it is very suitable for the manufacture of automobile pumps, carburetor parts, fuel pipes, power valves, Wanshang joint bearings, motor gears, cranks, handles, dashboards, and car window lifters. , electric switch, seat belt buckle, etc. The manufacture of wear-resistant parts such as bushings, gears, and sliders is the strength of modified POM. These parts have less metal wear, reduce the amount of lubricating oil, and enhance the service life of the parts. Therefore, it can widely replace copper, zinc and other metals to produce bearings, gears, tie rods, etc.
The automotive parts produced by POM are light in weight, low in noise, and easy to form and assemble, so they are more and more widely used in the automotive manufacturing industry.
04. Polycarbonate (PC)
Due to its high mechanical properties and good appearance, modified PC is mainly used for exterior parts and interior parts in auto parts, and PC/ABS alloys and PC/PBT alloys are widely used.
(1) Automotive interior parts.
PC/ABS alloys are suitable materials for automotive interior parts. This is because PC/ABS alloy has excellent heat resistance, impact resistance and rigidity, and good fabrication fluidity. It is also an ideal material for making car dashboards. The thermal deformation temperature of PC/ABS alloy is 110-135, which can fully meet the heating requirements of cars parked outdoors at noon in the hot summer in tropical countries. PC/ABS alloy has good paintability and adhesion to cover film, so the instrument panel made of PC/ABS alloy does not need surface pretreatment, and can be directly sprayed with soft topcoat or coated with PVC film.
PC/ABS alloys are also used to manufacture automotive parts such as parts around the dashboard, antifreeze panels, door handles, drain panels, brackets, steering column sheaths, trim panels, and air conditioning system accessories.
(2) Automotive exterior parts.
PC/PBT alloy and PC/PET alloy not only have the high heat resistance and high impact resistance of PC, but also have the chemical resistance, wear resistance and molding processability of PBT and PET, so they are ideal materials for manufacturing automotive exterior parts . PC/PBT car bumpers can withstand low temperature impact below -30, and when the bumper breaks, it is ductile fracture without fragmentation. Elastomer toughened PC/PBT alloys and PC/PET alloys are more suitable for making auto body panels, auto side guards, fenders, auto door frames, etc.
Injection-molded exterior parts of high heat-resistant PC/PBT alloy and PC/PET alloy may not be painted. PC/PET alloy can be used to make car exhaust vents and license plate covers.
PC/ABS alloys can also be used to make car exterior parts, such as car wheel covers, mirror housings, taillight covers, etc. PC/ABS has good formability and can process large automobile parts, such as automobile fenders.
05. Polyphenylene ether (PPO)
Modified PPO is mainly used in automobiles as parts with high requirements for heat resistance, flame retardancy, electrical properties, impact properties, dimensional stability and mechanical strength. For example, PPO/PS alloy is suitable for wet, loaded and high requirements for electrical insulation and good dimensional stability, suitable for manufacturing automobile wheel covers, headlight glass grooves, tail light housings and other parts, and also suitable for manufacturing junction boxes, fuses Boxes, circuit breaker housings and other automotive electrical components.
PPO/PA alloys have excellent mechanical properties, dimensional stability, oil resistance, electrical insulation, and impact resistance. It can be used to make car exterior parts, such as large baffles, bumpers, rear spoilers, etc. The future application direction of PPO/PA alloys for engine covers with high glass transition temperature requirements.
PPO/PBT alloy has high heat distortion temperature and low sensitivity to moisture, and is an ideal material for manufacturing automobile outer panels.
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